Architecture - aka Zodchestvo - is a collection of buildings, structures and other structures that form the material environment of human habitation. Architecture as a specialty is the art of designing and constructing buildings and structures.
Instructions
Step 1
Until the beginning of the 20th century, buildings and structures were created by people of two specialties - "architect-artist" and "civil engineer". In fact, they were taught about the same thing, but there was a subtle division of emphasis. A civil engineer is an architect with an emphasis on building physics. An architect-artist is a builder with an emphasis on the fine arts. In the 20th century, the builder and the artist were finally united; however, this was exactly the case before the onset of the Renaissance. Architecture as a specialty - in its most general form - is divided into the art of designing and constructing buildings (structures) and the art of urban planning (design and construction of districts, villages, cities, megacities, agglomerations).
Step 2
Architecture as a set of buildings - also in its most general form - has a fairly clear division according to the function that a building or structure performs. Buildings and structures are residential, public, industrial and transport. Residential buildings are divided into mansions, apartment buildings, dormitories and barracks. Public are schools, hospitals, administrative buildings, train stations, stadiums, park buildings, theaters, circuses. Industrial buildings and structures - factories, factories, warehouses. Transport - bridges, tunnels, junctions, parking lots, etc.
Step 3
Architecture can also be viewed as a process. Architectural design is often determined by a specific order or competition conditions (exceptions are relatively rare in our time). The idea is embodied in a project: plans, sections, explanatory drawings and a master plan. After acceptance by the customer, the project is deployed into a set of engineering and construction documentation required for construction. Construction begins, and at this stage the architect carries out architectural supervision. And finally, the last stage is the commissioning of the building.
