One of the most ancient occupations, stone processing, has not lost its relevance to the present. You can do stone cutting at home, as bulky machines are not always needed.
Instructions
Step 1
Techniques for working with a stone are determined by its properties, hardness in the first place. In addition, all stones and minerals have a certain fragility, toughness and heterogeneity of properties. All this processing complicates and requires its own set of tools for each stone. The first stage of stone processing, after thorough washing, is cutting. It is most convenient to cut a stone with a thin metal disc that rotates at high speeds. The edge of the disc must contain particles of a mineral that is harder than the cut. More recently, stone cutting wheels were made from copper, soft metal, and now it is much more convenient to use a diamond saw or diamond blade. The use of such circles speeds up cutting tenfold. Acquiring a diamond wheel is not as easy as any home tool, and therefore there is an alternative method for cutting stone at home.
Step 2
Although a home stone machine has a lot simplified compared to an industrial one, strict requirements are imposed on it. The simplest device is a rigidly mounted motor on which a diamond disc is fixed. But at the same time, the engine must have great strength and power, otherwise even a diamond disc will not last long. The machine for cutting stone, circular and using an abrasive was invented in ancient China. Despite the availability of modern equipment, many people prefer to use it at home, because it is reliable and has an extremely small size. Despite this, even jade, known for its viscosity, can be cut quickly and accurately with it. This machine can be used for both threading and sawing, equipped with interchangeable heads.
Step 3
The machine consists of a wooden spindle, which has the shape of a cone and has a diameter of 50 mm at the rear and 100 mm at the front, where the supporting disc is attached. The rear end is sharply sharpened and inserted into a recess lubricated with oil, grease or graphite grease. The hardwood bearings are also well lubricated to facilitate rotation. On the central part of the spindle, a leather belt is thrown over it, at the ends of which two wooden planks are fixed at the floor level - they serve as pedals. Be sure to attach a sheet metal splash guard over the disc so that water and abrasive do not splash and spoil the surrounding objects. A drip tray with abrasive should be installed in front of the front end of the spindle.
Step 4
The cutting disc can be made from sheet metal, fixed to the spindle with shellac. Besides the disc, there are no more metal parts on the machine. A shallow notch is made with a hammer in the central part of the disc, which provides a more even rotation of the disc and gives it rigidity. Having glued the disc to the spindle, make sure that the fit is even by rotating the disc by hand. The landing is regulated by heating the shellac and adjusting the disc in the desired direction. Then, at the moment of rotation, the edge of the disc is straightened with a file. The master sits in front of the machine, alternately pressing and releasing the pedals, the disc rotates in one direction or the other, remaining in place. The master holds the stone under the lower edge of the disc, and with the other hand he feeds the abrasive onto the disc in a continuous thin stream. Most often, the stone is attached with glue to a wooden plank, which prevents injury to the hand in the final stage of sawing.
