A high-quality, high-performance spring can only be manufactured in a production environment. Only there it is possible to precisely comply with all the necessary parameters of the technological process. However, a spring for a simple, irresponsible mechanism, working in a sparing mode, is not difficult to make yourself.
It is necessary
- - a spring with a wire of a suitable diameter;
- - gas torch for cutting metal;
- - locksmith tools;
- - thermal or household oven.
Instructions
Step 1
Select the material for making the spring. In production, special carbon and alloy steels or non-ferrous alloys are used for this - 65G, 60HFA, 60S2A, 70SZA, Br. B2, etc. When making a product yourself, the most suitable material is another spring with a suitable wire diameter.
Step 2
If the diameter does not exceed 1.5-2 mm, the spring can be wound without heat treatment. To do this, bend the wire so that it becomes completely flat, and wind it tightly around the mandrel.
Step 3
The mandrel diameter must be less than the nominal inner diameter of the spring to compensate for elastic deformation. You may have to try several mandrels of different diameters to experimentally find the right size. The distance between the coils of the compression spring should be slightly larger than that of the finished product, and the two outer coils should fit snugly together.
Step 4
In the event that the diameter of the wire of the original spring exceeds 2-2.5 mm, it should be annealed before starting work. Without this, it will be impossible to properly straighten and wind the wire onto the mandrel.
Step 5
It is best to use a special thermal oven for annealing. If not, use a wood-burning brick or metal. Heat the stove with birch wood and place the spring in the coals. Make sure it is red-hot and leave to cool with the oven. After annealing, the wire will become soft.
Step 6
Straighten the annealed workpiece and wind it on a mandrel, following the same rules as in step 3. When making the tension spring, wind the turns close to each other.
Step 7
Temper the spring. To do this, heat it to a temperature of 830-870 ° C and dip it in spindle or transformer oil. Observe the temperature visually using the following information on hot metal colors. At a temperature of 800-830 ° C, the metal has a light cherry-red color, at a temperature of 830-900 ° C - a light red, at a temperature of 900-1050 ° C - orange.
Step 8
After hardening, squeeze the compression spring until the turns are completely closed and leave in this position for 20-40 hours. This operation will shorten the distance between the turns and bring it closer to the nominal one. Grind down the ends of the spring to ensure that the ends of the spring are flat.
