To find out which substance is more in the earth, you need to consider a certain type of soil. The chemical and mechanical composition of each of them is different. But the bulk of any soil is minerals.
Instructions
Step 1
There are different types of soil: sandy, clayey, sandy loam, loam, swampy, stony and others. But each of them contains the same set of substances, the difference is only in their quantitative content. The set of chemical elements for different types of soil can be radically different, which largely determines the fertility of the soil.
Step 2
The mechanical composition of the earth.
The substances that make up the soil are divided into three main categories: solid, liquid and air. The solid phase includes minerals and organics, the liquid phase - water. If we consider the mechanical composition of the earth, we can say that it consists of a large number of solid particles. The fertility of the soil largely depends on their combination and size. There are particles so small that they can only be seen in an electron microscope. If they are smaller than 0.01 mm, they are called physical clay. If their size is from 0.01 to 1 mm, it is physical sand. Those that are not larger than 0, 0001 mm are called colloidal.
Step 3
The largest constituents of the soil are stones, gravel, sand. Smaller ones are sand and silt. Stones are only present in soils that have formed on glacial deposits or rocks. The main part (50-60% of the volume) of solids is occupied by minerals. These components can make up 90-97% of the soil mass. They are formed during the destruction and weathering of various rocks, as well as as a result of the decomposition of organic matter. The following types of minerals are found everywhere: gypsum, colorless quartz, magnetite, mica, apatite, pink and white feldspar, carbon dioxide, aluminum oxides, etc.
Step 4
The chemical composition of the earth.
It is understood as the elemental composition of the solid phase of soils, namely minerals. But this also includes the quantitative content of nitrogen, humus, carbon dioxide and a liquid chemically associated with it. The main chemical elements are as follows: oxygen, silicon, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, iron, calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium. As a percentage, there is more oxygen, less sodium.
Step 5
There is also such a concept as the agrochemical composition of the soil. Since they are far from always equal in terms of fertility, for successful agriculture it is necessary to find out what substances are present in this type of soil. For example, in clayey, there will be more clay from solid particles, and from chemical elements - nitrogen. The loam contains more sand and almost equal content of nitrogen and phosphorus. Therefore, in order to find out which substance is more in the ground, you need to consider a specific type of soil. Only one thing can be said with certainty: the bulk of the earth is made up of solids - minerals.
