Public speeches of a politician are an important element of political life. A vivid and memorable speech allows you to attract supporters to your side, convince the leader of the correctness of the position taken by the leader and add political points to him.
The structure of political speech
Any political text should have a semantic load and clearly defined goals that the politician wants to achieve as a result of his speech. First, you need to clearly define the topic of your speech and not deviate from it.
The preparation of a political speech is accompanied by a detailed analysis of the audience, without which it is impossible to achieve effective communications. It is necessary to understand the mood of people, their needs and requirements, what they expect from a politician.
Political strategists recommend building your speech according to the following plan. Initially, to establish contact with the audience, this can be done by demonstrating the commonality of problems and interests. This is important because the success of a speech depends a lot on the emotional interaction between the speaker and the audience. This should be followed by a general outline of the problem field, as well as a rationale for its importance to the audience. People need to realize that they are personally harmed by the fact that the problem exists. It is advisable to argue this position, to provide facts, figures taken from reliable, authoritative sources.
Then you need to offer your own options for solving the problem, and also compare them with the methods proposed by opponents. The politician must prove that he has the necessary experience and competencies to implement the specified steps. Thus, the benefits of the speaker position should be clearly understood by the audience. In conclusion, it is worth describing a model of the future, as well as conveying to the audience its personal benefits from solving the problem. The picture of an ideal future is the apotheosis of the performance. In the end, it is worth motivating the audience to take any action.
This principle of construction will help convince the audience of the correctness of the policy course, as well as attract neutral listeners.
Some experts believe that the structure of the text, as well as the optimal placement of the key reasoning, will depend on the type of audience. So, if she is critical of politics, then it is worth first gaining her trust and agreeing with values. At some point, you need to move on to counter-arguments and express doubts about the correctness of the audience's reasoning. In this case, the key information should be at the end. With an unfamiliar audience, a gradual build-up of argumentation is recommended. And for a loyal audience, it is better to put the most interesting and important at the beginning of the speech.
Requirements for the political text
The style of political speech must meet a number of requirements. Among them are the brevity of presentation, clarity and accessibility, genre diversity, emotional coloring.
The text must be readable. Basic principles of readability: simplicity of sentences (it should include no more than one thought); the compatibility of sentences of different lengths (for example, long - short - very short); the length of a sentence should not exceed 20 words.
In the process of writing a political speech, it is necessary to take into account its sound component. Thus, texts in which sound repetitions (alliteration) are used are perceived as more expressive. They are especially important in slogans and calls to action. An example is the slogan "All power to the Soviets", which sounds brightly due to the presence in each word of the sounds "v" and "s". Certain sounds can give the text a special emotional flavor. So, the sounds "r" are associated with a threat, "m" and "l" - pacification, "y" - despondency.
Ways to manipulate mass perception
Politicians often resort to manipulating mass perception. These include the use of indefinite verbs, which do not directly indicate what needs to be done to solve the problem. For example, "you know my position on this issue." Each listener of the audience can put their own meaning in this statement. Ambiguous phrases are often used to fight competitors. For example, "is it worth reminding what the policy of the ruling party has led to."
A second commonly used technique is the use of generalizations to create a sense of belonging. For example, “I, like you, came from the bottom”, “this problem is extremely important for each of us”. Also, to form a community with the audience, it is recommended to use impersonal sentences. For example, "only a few, having come to power, continued to fulfill the will of the people."
Also, politicians often take advantage of the proposal of imaginary alternatives. For example, "You can vote at any convenient time - in the morning or in the evening." The audience begins to think about a convenient time for voting, and not about the fact that it is possible not to go to the polls at all, because this alternative has not been proposed. A favorite technique is the use of oppositions ("Vote or lose!").
