Socialization is generally understood as a process in which a person accepts certain behavioral stereotypes, attitudes, various social norms and values, and also masters knowledge and skills that contribute to the successful functioning in society.
Socialization as a social phenomenon
Socialization is a process by which a person accepts the norms of his group, through building his own "I", the uniqueness of a person as a person is formed, through the adoption of stereotypes of behavior, social norms and values that contribute to the successful functioning in society. Socialization includes such processes as familiarization with culture, education and upbringing, through which the individual assumes a social nature and becomes able to participate in social life. In the process of socialization of an individual, a close circle is involved - family, friends, the media, etc.
Socialization as a social phenomenon in foreign psychology
In R. Harold's theory, the socialization of adults was considered independently of children's socialization and was understood as a process that eradicates children's attitudes, in particular, the rejection of myths. From the standpoint of the sociogenetic approach, socialization was understood as a feature of personality development, depending on the structure of society and the close environment. Based on this theory, the individual is born as a biological being, and as a person is formed only under the influence of society and social conditions of life. The next theory, bordering on the sociogenetic approach, is the theory of learning. She considers the life of a person as a result, supported by learning and mastering certain knowledge, skills and abilities.
In turn, the theory of roles asserts that an individual needs to choose for himself an already existing model of behavior, called a role. Roles are determined by position in society. They reflect the specifics of the behavior of the individual and his relationship with others.
Socialization as a social phenomenon in Russian psychology
Within the framework of Russian psychology, a number of factors are considered that directly affect the social life of an individual. There are a lot of factors influencing socialization. These include the state, culture, society (macrofactors), family, educational institutions, church (microfactors), ethnic and religious affiliation, geographic location, mass media (mesofactors). Also, domestic psychologists paid great attention to social development. They viewed this process as an individual's assimilation of social norms and behavioral attitudes, rules of behavior, communication and interaction with others.
