The hazard class characterizes the relative environmental hazard of waste, which is determined by the degree of its possible destructive impact on the environment. All enterprises and organizations, as a result of which unnecessary substances appear, are obliged to classify these wastes according to their degree of danger in strict accordance with environmental legislation.
Necessary
- - a list of waste components;
- - tables and calculations to determine the hazard class.
Instructions
Step 1
To classify a waste into a hazard class using the calculation method, find the indicator (K) - an indicator of the degree of hazard of the waste for the OPS (environment). If the waste consists of several substances, calculate its value as the sum of the hazard indicators of these substances (Ki). Therefore, first of all, establish: a) a list of components of the waste (composition); b) the quantitative content of each component. As a rule, the composition of the waste is determined by the composition of the feedstock, taking into account the changes occurring with it in the technological process, or on the basis of the results of chemical analysis.
Step 2
Now calculate the hazard index for each waste using the formula: Ki = Ci / Wi (Ci is the concentration of the waste component, and Wi is the hazard coefficient for OPS). To determine the coefficient (Wi) in the Order of the Ministry of Natural Resources "On approval of criteria for classifying hazardous waste as a hazard class for the environment" dated June 15, 2001, there is a special table (see figure)
Step 3
If you have established the degrees of hazard of waste components in any natural environment, they can be used to calculate the relative hazard parameter of the waste component for OPS (Xi). This is done by dividing the sum of the points of all parameters by the number of these parameters. The coefficient Wi can be calculated using one of several formulas (link:
Step 4
Coefficients (Wi) look in the table (see figure). Here are collected the most common waste components that can be hazardous to OPS
Step 5
After you have calculated the hazard ratings of the individual components of the waste Ki, calculate the K rating as the sum of the indicators of the individual components (K = K1 + K2 +… + Kn).
Step 6
Now calculate the hazard class of the waste for the natural environment in accordance with the table (see figure). If the waste falls into the fifth hazard class, its class should be confirmed by an experimental method. Otherwise, you will have to qualify the hazard class as 4th
Step 7
To determine the hazard class experimentally, contact a specially accredited laboratory for this purpose.
