The development of state statistics and the history of its origin is determined by the development of the state and society, its socio-economic needs. The change in the political picture in Russia at the end of the 18th century directly influenced the nature of Russian statistics, it more fully reflected the state of public life and the economy. This time gave birth to the first scientific statistical developments.
The heyday of statistics as a science fell on the 40-50s of the last century. The main merit of the Russian extras was in the finalization, the approval of the political and economic direction, and the theoretical developments became the basis for certain statistical studies. The most important milestone in the history of statistics of that time was the census of the population of the Russian Empire in 1897.
Soviet statistics at the initial stage (1917-1930) were distinguished by exceptional intensity. At this time, many censuses and surveys were carried out. In 1920 alone, 3 censuses were carried out: a demographic and occupational census, an agricultural census, and a short census of industrial enterprises.
The main task of statistics is to study the laws of mass processes and phenomena in which the life of society is expressed. These are foreign and domestic trade, production, consumption, transportation of goods, etc. All the listed phenomena consist of a mass of identical elements, united by a single qualitative basis, but differ in a number of features and form a statistical aggregate.
Although the statistical population is a single whole, it consists of separate units. For example, during a population census, information about nationality, employment, age, etc. is collected for any person. And the entire population during the census is a statistical aggregate.
Modern state statistics is an integral element of the state regulation system, which significantly enhances its integrating function in creating an information infrastructure of a nationwide scale.
