Even buying a piece with precious stones in a jewelry store, you can run into a fake. Too many synthetic minerals are sold today, not to mention common counterfeits. Therefore, it is important to know the signs by which real gems are distinguished from fakes.
Instructions
Step 1
Diamond You can find out if the stone in front of you is real, you can use a magnifying glass with a tenfold magnification. If you look through it at the diamond, and through it, in turn, at the light, you will see only a shining point in the center. The fact is that the rays are reflected from the edges, and nothing but light can be seen through the diamond. In addition, it is a very hard stone, and if you rub it over another mineral or glass, a scratch will remain, and the diamond itself will be unharmed.
Step 2
RubyPure stones with an even color are rare in nature and are very expensive. Rubies usually contain various kinds of inclusions and small defects. Cracks in real ones are zigzag and dull, in artificial ones - straight and sparkling. If you put genuine corundum in milk, it turns pink. And when you place it on the eyelid, the stone will remain cold for a long time. A fake will quickly heat up.
Step 3
Sapphire It is possible to distinguish a fake from a real stone by the presence or absence of foreign inclusions inside. Synthetic sapphires do not have them, real ones do. There are special fluids with a certain specific gravity. If a stone is placed in such an environment, a genuine sapphire will sink, and another natural mineral disguised as it will emerge. Swipe the sapphire with a ruby or emerald: there will be no scratches on the real one, since it is harder. It is also worth immersing the stone in a liquid with a certain refractive index - if it is grown, you will see curved stripes of different colors, if natural, they will be straight and parallel to the edges.
Step 4
Emerald This stone began to be synthesized a very long time ago, so it is impossible to find out if it is natural in front of you by visual examination. It can be distinguished from other minerals and glass fakes by looking through a color filter - the emerald will appear brown or red, both natural and synthesized.
Step 5
Pomegranate Fortunately, this mineral is rarely counterfeited. After all, it is easy to recognize it - the real one has the power of magnetic attraction. And the pomegranate is inexpensive. Take a cork, place a stone on it, place it on the scale and bring a magnet to it. If the grenade is real, the balance arrow will move.
Step 6
Topaz If a mineral of natural origin, it feels cool and smooth to the touch, even slippery. If you rub a real stone with a woolen cloth, it will attract small pieces of paper napkin. If possible, dip the topaz in methylene iodide solution. Natural will sink, and if you see quartz in front of you, it will float.
