Anton Ivanovich Denikin was one of the leaders of the white movement during the civil war in southern Russia. Among all the leaders of the White movement, he achieved the greatest military and political results. In 1918-1919. commanded the Volunteer Army, in 1919-1920. was appointed commander-in-chief of the armed forces of the South of Russia. He was deputy admiral Kolchak.
Instructions
Step 1
In 1918, thanks to the assistance of the Entente, Denikin was appointed commander-in-chief of the armed forces of the South of Russia. In 1919, General A. I. Denikin established the regime of the White Guard counter-revolution in the South of Russia and Ukraine. This regime was a military dictatorship of the landlords and the bourgeoisie. The block of cadets and Octobrists supported Denikin.
Step 2
By the beginning of 1919, Denikin suppressed Soviet power in the North Caucasus and united the Cossack troops of the Don and Kuban. Weapons, ammunition and equipment were received from the Entente. After prolonged fighting in the spring of 1919, Denikin's army occupied the Donbass and the region from Tsaritsyn to Kharkov.
Step 3
In July 1919, Denikin's troops began a campaign against Moscow. Voronezh was taken on October 6, 1919, the city of Orel - on October 13. Tula was to be occupied. In September 1919, Denikin's army consisted of more than 153 thousand bayonets, 500 guns and 1900 machine guns.
Step 4
The balance of forces on the Southern Front during this period was in favor of Denikin. Denikin's army possessed a large cavalry, the forces of the Red Army at that time fought decisive battles with the troops of Admiral Kolchak. Denikin was also successful thanks to counter-revolutionary uprisings in the rear of the Soviet army, support of the middle peasants of Ukraine and the weakness of Soviet governance on the ground.
Step 5
On July 9, VI Lenin called on the country: "Everyone to fight Denikin!" The Soviet government carried out a number of measures that made it possible not only to stop, but also to defeat Denikin's army. The troops of the Southern Front, together with the South-Eastern Front, went on the offensive in October 1919, after which the White Guards began to retreat to the south.
Step 6
Administrative and police power was established in the territories occupied by Denikin's troops. Denikinites committed mass executions, violence and robberies. Enterprises and lands were returned to their previous owners. The peasants had to transfer to the landowners a third of the harvested grain and half of the hay. The workers were stripped of their political rights. The material situation of the workers was much worse than before the revolution. All this contributed to the growth of revolutionary sentiment, the readiness of workers and peasants to fight against Denikinism.
Step 7
In the rear of Denikin's troops, underground fighters and partisans were actively fighting. The middle peasants began to support Soviet power. Denikin's army began to disintegrate. In December, Soviet troops occupied Kharkov and Kiev. By the end of 1919, Donbass was liberated, at the beginning of January 1920 - Rostov. In March 1920, Denikin's army was finally defeated. Denikin with the remaining troops fled to the Crimea. In April 1920, Denikin accepted his resignation and emigrated abroad.
