Tiled tiles can be very diverse in shape. Forms are most often straight, for flat surfaces, angular or shaped, for ledges, cornices and depressions.
Terminology
A tile is a clay tile fired in a kiln, which is most often covered with glaze on the front side. Tiles are used to cover walls and stoves.
The classic tile consists of a plate, or front side, which is covered with glaze, and a rump, which on the back side forms an open box with two holes in the walls. These holes are used to fix the tiles to each other with a wire, for the subsequent laying of the wire in the thickness of the masonry.
This name comes from two words - the Old Slavonic "Raz", "rez" and "Izraz", which means "cut", "cut", "cut", "draw a line with something sharp." In the old days, such tiles were made by tamping clay in special wooden boxes, which had a relief pattern on the bottom inside; gingerbread was made in a similar way.
The oldest available forms of cladding ceramics are glazed, nail-like tiles, their multi-colored caps patterning the surface. Often, the walls were faced with glazed bricks, not only for beauty, but also to create additional strength. Terracotta tiles were often used as decoration for the facades of temples. They were covered with whitewash and looked like carved white stone.
Production of tiles
The tiles are made by hand from clay using wooden molds. Earthenware or marly clay is suitable for this, the manufactured tiles are first dried, and only after that they are fired at temperatures up to 1150 ° C. Tiles have a rather high cost, so they often try to make them on their own.
The laying of bricks and tiles should be carried out at the same time; facing of already finished fireplaces and walls is inconvenient, although possible. To keep the tiles well, determine the level of laying the solution. The surface must be cleaned of the previous coating; you can use a metal brush for this.
After that, a chisel or chisel makes a deepening in all seams by 1 cm. If the required mortar layer is 2 cm, you can also lay the masonry on the surface without deepening the seams. And if the layer is even larger, you should attach the construction mesh using nails driven into the seams. After that, the surface is primed. The tiles are adjusted in shape, color and size and you can start laying from the bottom corner. The tiles are fastened together with wire, the ends of which are hidden in the seams between the bricks and are fixed with mortar.
