An air conditioner is a device for changing the air temperature in a room. It consists of outdoor and indoor blocks, through which a special substance moves, capable of collecting and giving off heat.
The operation of the air conditioner is based on a change in the state of aggregation of a special substance under the influence of temperature and pressure. This substance is most often freon, which can change from a gaseous state to a liquid. To understand the principle of operation of the air conditioner, you must first familiarize yourself with its device.
How the air conditioner works
Modern air conditioners are equipped with an electronic unit that allows remote control. There are outdoor and indoor units. The outdoor unit consists of a fan, condenser, compressor, control board, four-way valve, filter. A fan is required to blow off the condenser. The condenser is a radiator in which freon is cooled and condensed. When air passes by it, it heats up.
The compressor compresses the freon and ensures its movement along the refrigeration circuit. There is a four-way valve in the condensers, which can heat the air. It changes the direction of movement of freon. The indoor unit then starts to work for heating, and the outdoor unit for cooling. The filter is located in front of the compressor inlet, its function is protective. The outdoor unit is closed with a cover.
The indoor unit of the air conditioner is the front panel, coarse filter, fine filters, fan, evaporator, control board, blinds. Air flows through the front panel. Coarse filter - plastic mesh for retaining relatively large objects. Fine filters remove odors, trap fine dust and bacteria. The fan is designed to circulate cleaned and heated / cooled air in the room.
How air is cooled and heated with an air conditioner
Freon heats up in the evaporator, after which it evaporates. When air passes through the evaporator, it cools. The louvers regulate the direction of the air flow and can be adjusted remotely. Indoor and outdoor units are connected by copper pipes. The control board contains an electronics unit with a microprocessor.
The air conditioner itself does not produce cold or heat, it is engaged in transferring it from the room to the street or vice versa. When freon evaporates, it takes away heat, while condensing it gives it away. The condensation process is a return from a gaseous state to a liquid state. In cooling mode, freon evaporates in the indoor unit and condenses in the outdoor unit. When heated, the opposite happens. This is how heat is transferred from one environment to another.
