Knowledge of the basic principles of operation of a portable power generating unit based on the operation of a gasoline engine will allow you to efficiently and competently make quick repairs, installation and debugging.
It is necessary
- - Power unit;
- - Generation unit;
- - Block of electrical conversions and protection;
- - Control unit and auxiliary systems.
Instructions
Step 1
The operation of an electric gasoline generator is based on the combustion of hydrocarbon fuels to obtain a sufficient amount of energy, which goes through a chain of transformations. The first element of this system is a carbureted internal combustion engine, in which a combustion air-fuel mixture drives a crankshaft with a flywheel. Power units in portable generators are different: from the simplest two-stroke engines with a direct injection carburetor to four-stroke machines with an electronic control system for all operating modes.
Step 2
Rotation from the crankshaft is transmitted to the generator shaft, driving it. Like motors, generators can differ in their design and principle of operation, but the most popular are electric machines of the brush or brushless type with self-excitation of current in the primary winding. In them, at a sufficiently high rotation frequency of one group of windings inside another, there is a displacement of magnetic fluxes and a redistribution of charges, due to which a potential of the required magnitude is formed at different poles. It is not yet an alternating current capable of supplying household or industrial consumers, and therefore an additional circuit of electrical conversions is required.
Step 3
Electric currents of different nature can be generated on the windings of the generator, therefore, an electrical modulation unit is included in the device of a portable power plant. It, depending on the model of the gas generator, can be inverter or transformer. The main task of this element is to bring the voltage in the outgoing network to a value of 230 Volts at a frequency of 50 Hertz. The secondary functions of the power conversion system are noise and surge suppression, current leakage control, overload and short circuit protection.
Step 4
In the most advanced devices, electronic control units and control over operating modes are used. They include an automatic power regulator, a control unit for the fuel supply system and forced cooling. Quite common elements of a gasoline generator are self-diagnostic units that monitor in real time all the operating parameters of the generating station: from the composition of the exhaust gases to fine-tuning the characteristics of the current in the outgoing networks. An automatic switch-on device can also be used, which instantly starts the generator in case of a voltage failure in the main supply network and performs all the necessary switching operations.
