In everyday life, perhaps, you rarely find such a concept as standard time, this is a scientific term introduced into circulation by geographers. This concept is introduced to schoolchildren in grade 6. It is worth recalling what it includes.
Zone time is twenty-four time zones into which the Earth's surface is divided, which in turn is divided into twenty-four geographic meridians, spaced fifteen degrees from each other in longitude. According to international agreement, the main, primary meridian is the Greenwich meridian with a longitude of 0 °, which corresponds to the zero time zone, and the time of the Greenwich zone is called the world time. It is customary to count the belts from west to east. Time zones are numbered from 0 to 23; within the geographic meridian, the zone time coincides with the time of the main meridian, which passes this 15 degree interval. Accordingly, the standard time in neighboring zones differ by one hour, but there are zones with an offset of thirty minutes. To find out the difference in hours between the standard time of the zone and the universal time, it is enough to know the number of the zone. Some belts have their own name for their zone times. Zone Zero is called Western European Time, the first is Central European Time, the second is Eastern European Time. The idea of setting time zones for the whole world belongs to Sir Sandford Fleming, a Canadian railway engineer. At the International Conference in Washington, which took place in 1884, delegates from 25 countries adopted a resolution that all countries were recommended to move to the so-called universal day, which begins at midnight in Greenwich and consists of 24 hours. All days, both astronomical and navigational, must also start at midnight. In Russia, time zones run from the third to the twelfth inclusive. But the territory of Russia is administratively divided only into 9 time zones in accordance with the law "On the calculation of time." In 1930, daylight saving time was introduced in the USSR with the aim of rational use of daylight hours, that is, an hour was added to the existing standard time. And from the moment of the introduction of the daylight saving time to the present time, this time is called Moscow time. As a result of the introduction of daylight saving time, all villages and cities of the first belt in Russia began to use the time of the neighboring, second belt. There are several other states that use the local time of the capital throughout their territory, despite the indisputable convenience of standard time.
