Every year, against the backdrop of ecology, the problem of the lack of fresh water is increasing. Its level in the world's oceans reaches only about 3%. With the growth of the population, its consumption increases, and this forces mankind to take measures to produce it independently. The most widely used method for producing usable water is desalination.
Necessary
- - seawater distillation unit;
- - filters for cleaning liquids.
Instructions
Step 1
The purpose of desalination is to reduce the concentration of salt in seawater to an acceptable level for humans. This process is divided into two stages - desalination itself and water purification. The most popular method for combining these two processes is distillation. Before carrying out it, it is necessary to cleanse the water from unwanted impurities and microorganisms that can negatively affect human health and activities. Filtration uses coarse, fine, chemical and biological filters of the appropriate profile.
Step 2
During the distillation process itself, the purified water is heated to the boiling point. When water boils, it evaporates, and the salts, in turn, remain in the container. Steam is drawn in by special pipes, then it is cooled and only ordinary water remains, but this is a rather expensive method, since the salts remaining in the seawater tank gradually disrupt the operation of the supply pipe. This requires the construction of multi-chamber stills that discharge some of the brine into the sea. Also, distillation plants constantly require a large amount of thermal energy.
Step 3
Further, the remaining water is re-filtered and after that it is considered distilled drinking water. Purification of the resulting water is no different from the filtration of ordinary water.