One of the main requirements for public spaces is compliance with fire safety standards. The scheme for the evacuation of people in case of fire is the most important document that must be developed for each room separately. In addition to the movement patterns of people, it also regulates the actions of personnel in the event of a fire.
Necessary
- - Floor plan of the building;
- - scanner;
- - a graphics program for a computer.
Instructions
Step 1
The evacuation plan should take into account the floor plans of the specific building or structure. It is also necessary to provide for the reliability, size and type of personnel evacuation routes. Do not forget to take into account the specifics of the behavior of people in a critical situation, be sure to calculate the power of the flow of people and try to exclude the possibility of crossing several routes.
Step 2
The evacuation plan, as required by GOST R 12.2.143-2002, must include a graphic part and a text description. To create the graphic part, you will need a floor plan of the building. If the overall dimensions of the room are very large and exceed 1000 square meters, divide the plan into sections and create a separate evacuation scheme for each of them.
Step 3
Before creating an electronic version of the evacuation plan, go around the entire room and inspect it carefully. You need to note the location of the main, emergency and emergency exits, the location of fire shields, fire alarms, telephones. Mark the plan for ventilation and smoke suppression.
Step 4
On the plan, note the number of people constantly in the room, as well as the average number of visitors, if their presence is implied.
Step 5
Follow the intended escape route from each individual room. Mark any bottlenecks. Check the reliability and safety of stairs, railings. Make sure the aisle is wide enough to accommodate as many people as possible. Keep in mind that during the moment of panic, people do not look under their feet, which means that high thresholds or steep steps can be dangerous.
Step 6
Develop alternatives for the movement of people during a fire or emergency. Do not forget to consider the flow of people from the upper floors of the building or from the basements.
Step 7
The most convenient way to create an evacuation plan is in a graphical program. To do this, scan the paper diagram and convert it to a bitmap. In the future, this document can be used as a basis for creating not only an evacuation scheme, but also other plans.
Step 8
Don't get carried away with detail and color. Mark routes with a solid green line indicating the direction of travel, alternate routes - with a dotted line. Highlight the symbols in red. Do not forget to mark on the drawing the place corresponding to the placement of your plan in the room.
Step 9
Do not use callouts in your plan; the symbols denoting fire-extinguishing means or means of communication should be indicated on the plan exactly in the place of their location. Decipher the designation of symbols in a text entry under read. The recommended size is 8-15 mm.
Step 10
An evacuation plan located on floors or in sections must be large enough to be readable and visually comprehensible. The optimal size is 600x400 mm.
Step 11
Approve the layout of the evacuation plan with the GPN inspector.
