Triple Lutz is one of the most difficult jumps in figure skating. It is performed with the opposite direction of rotation and without changing legs. Triple toe loop - a simpler jump, with a positive direction of rotation and a change of leg. Both jumps are nasal or toothed jumps, in which the skaters push off the ice with the toothed skate of their free leg.
Jump toe loop
In figure skating, the jump toe loop, from the English toe loop - "loop on the toe", is considered one of the relatively simple. Most often, this jump is entered from the right foot, from a step called "three", when the skater changes the direction of movement, turning on one leg. Moving backward, the athlete pushes off the ice with the toe of the left skate. The skater lands on his right foot again, continuing to move back.
The jump was invented in the 1920s by professional American figure skater Bruce Mapes. In artistic roller skating, the jump is still called after him. The triple sheepskin coat, that is, the sheepskin coat in three turns, was first performed at the 1964 World Championships, held in Dortmund, Germany, by another American figure skater Thomas Litz. It is not known for certain which of the women performed the triple toe loop for the first time.
Today, the leading figure skating masters have mastered the sheepskin coat in four turns. According to some sources, Alexander Fadeev was the first to perform it in official competitions in 1983, according to others, the Czech athlete Józef Sabovchik in 1986. True, in both cases the jump was not counted by the judges due to errors. The first valid quadruple toe loop was performed by Canadian Kurt Browning. For women, the sheepskin coat in four turns has not yet submitted. Several times the Frenchwoman Surya Bonali unsuccessfully tried to execute it.
Leap lutz
The Lutz jump is named after the Austrian figure skater Alois Lutz, who first performed it in official competitions in 1913. The jumping technique is as follows. The skater moves backward in a long arc on the outer edge of the left skate. Squats on the same left leg and, pushing off the ice with the toe of the right skate, spins counterclockwise by swinging the arms and body. The skater lands on his right foot.
Lutz is a very difficult jump because it is performed with a counter-rotation. The natural impulse of the body during its execution is to go at the last moment from the outer edge of the ridge to the inner one. The result is a cross between lutz jumping and flip jumping. Experts unofficially call this incorrect lutz - "flutz" and the judges significantly reduce the points for it.
The first skater to perform the Lutz in three turns was Canadian Donald Jackson. It happened at the 1962 World Cup. Only 12 years later, an athlete from the GDR, Jan Hofmann, was able to repeat the jump. Among women, the first to perform a triple lutz was the Swiss figure skater Denise Bielmann in 1978. Quadruple Lutz was the first to submit to American Brandon Moose at the 2011 Grand Prix.
