A flood is a natural disaster that can lead to significant loss of life and tremendous material damage. The sad irony of fate lies in the fact that unhappiness is brought to a person by water, which is vital to him. From time immemorial, people have settled along the banks of reservoirs. But if the water level suddenly and dramatically rises, for example, due to heavy rains, strong winds, tides, etc., it can turn into a dangerous enemy.
Instructions
Step 1
Of course, you can't argue with the elements. But with reasonable precautions taken in advance, damage can be minimized, and most importantly, people's lives can be saved. For example, in those places that are prone to frequent and strong flooding, it is necessary to erect protective walls (dams). It is the dams that save the whole country from flooding - the Netherlands, most of whose territory lies below sea level. The second largest city in Russia - St. Petersburg - often suffered from devastating floods. After the construction of the dam, blocking the Neva Bay, this danger was minimized.
Step 2
Dam has also been built on many parts of Japan's coastline that are prone to tsunami waves. If the height of the waves is not too great, they will successfully resist their onslaught. But, of course, with a particularly strong tsunami (as in March 2011), even they will not help.
Step 3
A system of dams and reservoirs plays a huge role in preventing floods on rivers. For example, during heavy and prolonged rains, especially in mountainous areas, where water, not having time to be absorbed into the soil, flows down the slopes, the river can quickly overflow, leading to flooding. If the river bed is blocked by a dam, flooding can be prevented. Firstly, in most cases, a natural reservoir then appears in front of the dam, which can receive a large additional amount of water. Secondly, even if the level of the reservoir rises to threatening levels, the excess water can be dumped through the same dam by opening the valves. Of course, dams and reservoirs cannot provide a 100% guarantee of flood prevention. But their risk is greatly reduced.
Step 4
A simple and effective, albeit time-consuming, method is the construction of protective embankments along the banks of the river. They are usually made from sandbags when the water level rises alarmingly. These works, if necessary, involve not only rescuers, but also military personnel, law enforcement officers, volunteers from the civilian population. Shafts are built in those places that are primarily threatened by flooding.
