Champignons are distinguished by a specific delicate taste, high nutritional value, they contain protein substances, essential amino acids, phosphorus, potassium, vitamins. You can cook various dishes from them and prepare them for future use. And therefore, those who decide to make a mushroom plantation near the house or summer cottage will not regret it.
First of all, you need to find a place for the plantation. It can be a basement, a barn and the simplest greenhouse greenhouses with elementary ventilation. Fresh air is a must.
Now we are preparing a nutrient medium - compost. To do this, you need to take winter straw in the amount of 100 kg, add manure - 200 kg and alabaster - 4-5 kg. Composting begins with the formation of a pile. On a site with a hard surface or on the ground covered with plastic wrap, we begin to lay straw and manure in layers. The laid materials must be compacted and well moistened with water from a watering can. You need to make 4 or 5 layers in the pile.
Within 5-7 days after the formation of the pile begins to warm up. At this time, it needs to be watered regularly, preferably 2 times a day, preventing the outflow of slurry. Now you can make the first cut, that is, just shake up all the layers. Sprinkle alabaster on top and thoroughly mix all layers with a pitchfork, and also pour with a watering can (through a strainer) until lightly moistened. In the same way, during the preparation process, you need to make three more interruptions. It is not necessary to moisten the pile for the last time. It usually takes 23-25 days to prepare.
Now we begin to lay it out in boxes or on racks with a layer of 25-30 centimeters. You need to monitor the temperature. Thermometers should be installed at a depth of 10 cm. After 3-5 days, when the compost has cooled to 26-28 degrees, you can start planting mycelium. For 1 sq. square meter requires 400-450 grams. It is necessary to evenly distribute over the surface and mix to a depth of 10 centimeters. Align and compact, cover with newsprint, moisten. During the germination period, the temperature of the compost must be maintained at 24-26 degrees and the newsprint and indoor air must be humidified.
After 16-18 days, the mycelium should come to the surface. 4-5 days before this, we begin to prepare the casing layer. Mix well-decomposed peat (or weed-free humus soil) with limestone or dolomite chips in a ratio of 3: 1. This mixture must be mixed and moistened during preparation. Covering mixture should be poured onto the compost with a layer of 5-6 centimeters, leveled and poured through a mesh at the rate of 1-1.5 liters of water per 1 sq. meter. In the process of germination of the mycelium, it is necessary to maintain a temperature of 22-24 degrees, humidify the mixture and air. After 8-10 days, the casing layer can be loosened up.
When the mushrooms begin to emerge, the room temperature should be reduced to 15-17 degrees, the air humidity should be maintained at 90-95%, but constantly ventilate or ventilate the room.
